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Congestive Heart Failure
Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart cannot pump blood as effectively as it should to meet the body’s needs. As the heart’s pumping ability weakens, blood and fluid can back up into the lungs and other parts of the body, leading to symptoms such as swelling and shortness of breath.
SYMPTOMS
of Congestive Heart Failure
Symptoms of heart failure can range from mild to severe and may include:
Shortness of breath
Fatigue or weakness
Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
Weight changes
Chest pain
Palpitations or irregular heartbeat
Persistent cough or wheezing
Difficulty performing daily activities
Decreased appetite or nausea


DIAGNOSIS
of Congestive Heart Failure
Heart failure is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and cardiac testing. Diagnostic testing may include:
Physical examination
Blood tests
Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG)
Echocardiogram
Exercise stress testing
Cardiac catheterization
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Chest imaging

TREATMENT
of Congestive Heart Failure
While heart failure is usually a lifelong condition, treatment can help improve symptoms, slow disease progression, and enhance quality of life. Treatment plans are individualized based on the severity and cause of heart failure.
Lifestyle Changes
Following a heart-healthy diet
Limiting sodium intake
Exercising regularly as recommended
Managing stress
Maintaining a healthy weight
Getting adequate sleep
Monitoring daily weight and symptoms
Medications may be prescribed to:
Reduce fluid buildup
Lower blood pressure
Improve heart function
Reduce strain on the heart
Help prevent hospitalization and complications
Additional Therapies
Cardiac rehabilitation
Implanted cardiac devices
Minimally invasive procedures
Heart surgery or advanced heart failure therapies
Your cardiologist will work closely with you to create a personalized treatment plan focused on improving heart function and overall cardiovascular health.
Disclaimer
Symptoms, diagnostic testing, and treatment options vary by individual. Please consult your healthcare provider for personalized medical advice.
Sources
American Heart Association. (n.d.). Heart Failure. Retrieved from https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-failure
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). About Heart Failure. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/heart-disease/heart-failure
Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Heart Failure: Symptoms and Causes. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-failure
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